The Digestive System
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Key Terms
Bolus: chunks of food with saliva, travels down esophagus Chyme: Product of food after it exits the stomach to the small intestine Villi: Little fingers in small intestine, increases surface area, absorption Bile: Emulsifier, breaks down huge fatty acids in small intestine Metabolism: Enzymes: Saliva-breaks down carbohydrate, mouth Pancreatic amylase:breaks down carbohydrates, small intestine (carbohydrate)-ase: breaks down carbohydrate, small intestine Pepsin: Breaks down the huge proteins into smaller pieces in the stomach Pancreatic Enzymes (ex. trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase): breaks down proteins from the small intestine "Brush border enzymes" (ex. aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase): breaks down proteins even more, small intestine Pancreatic lipase: breaks down fats from the small intestine broken down already by bile |
Functions of Digestive System
-Insert and digest food to provide energy, nutrients, and water for the body -Get rid of the waste not digested by the body Small Intestine: -duodenum -jejunum -ileum Large Intestine: -appendix -cecum -colon -rectum -anal canal |